Connected TV (CTV) & OTT

Connected TV (CTV) are television sets or set-top devices that deliver video content over an IP connection (built‑in smart TV OS or external devices like Roku, Amazon Fire TV, Apple TV). Over‑the‑top (OTT) refers to delivery of video and audio services directly over the internet, bypassing traditional cable or broadcast distribution; CTV is the primary consumer endpoint for OTT streaming services.

Think of the CTV/OTT ecosystem like a modern marketplace where the storefronts are streaming apps and the aisles are device platforms. Content owners and app developers supply inventory, platform owners (Roku, Samsung, Amazon, Apple) control distribution and UX, and ad tech (SSPs, ad exchanges, DSPs, ad servers) connects advertiser demand to available ad slots either programmatically or via direct deals. You'll find ad insertion is increasingly server‑side (SSAI) to ensure smooth playback, with ads delivered as pre‑rolls, mid‑rolls, overlays or interactive units while identity solutions and measurement vendors stitch cross‑device reach and attribution together. Latency, privacy signal availability and SDK restrictions drive choice of integrations and directly affect fill rates and reporting quality.

Buyers are primarily brand advertisers, agencies and demand‑side platforms buying via programmatic auctions, PMPs or guaranteed buys; sellers include broadcasters, streaming publishers, FAST/AVOD platforms and app developers monetizing ad inventory. Platform and device owners act as gatekeepers, influencing access, data signals and revenue share; SSPs and exchanges provide liquidity and price discovery. Revenue models span AVOD, ad‑supported SVOD tiers, FAST channels, direct sponsorships and programmatic guaranteed deals, with premium inventory often sold through private marketplaces. Privacy regulation and regional market dynamics (US, EU, APAC) shape identity solutions, measurement standards and therefore how inventory is valued and transacted.