Microsoft

Microsoft operates a diversified platform and product ecosystem business model built around software, cloud services, operating systems, devices and gaming. It creates value by providing integrated productivity and collaboration suites, enterprise business applications, cloud infrastructure and platform services, operating systems for personal computers, AI assistants embedded in its software, and consumer entertainment and gaming services. Many offerings are tightly integrated so that cloud, productivity, collaboration and AI services reinforce each other on shared identity, security and management foundations. Revenue is generated from recurring subscriptions for productivity and collaboration suites, enterprise business applications and gaming catalogues; metered and reserved-capacity cloud infrastructure and platform usage; traditional per-user and per-device licensing of operating systems and certain software; sales of devices such as PCs, tablets and gaming consoles; and digital commerce transactions and fees via its app and device storefronts. Loyalty and rewards programmes are used primarily to drive engagement and commerce volume rather than being standalone profit centres.

Microsoft Corporation is a US-based global technology company that develops and sells cloud platforms, productivity and business applications, operating systems, gaming services, devices and related AI capabilities. Its portfolio includes subscription productivity suites, enterprise business applications, a hyperscale cloud platform, desktop operating systems, collaboration tools, gaming subscriptions, consumer devices and digital commerce services. The company generates revenue through a combination of software subscriptions, consumption-based cloud usage, per-user and per-device licensing, hardware and console sales, gaming subscriptions and transaction fees from its digital storefronts. Customers span enterprises, public sector organisations, educational institutions, software developers, small businesses and consumers who purchase devices, subscriptions and gaming or app content.